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Researchers are developing computational models for a wide range of applications. In the area of subsurface science, researchers are developing multiphase mixture, constitutive, and stochastic models to study fluid flow and transport properties of fractured and porous rock. The work is directed towards understanding and predicting the migration of contaminants in the heterogeneous subsurface. Researchers are developing basic numerical methods for multiphase mixtures, new pressure-based computation fluid dynamic methods, and meshless "particle" methods. These new modeling methods are being developed and applied to increase our understanding of diverse materials processes such as friction stir welding, supercritical fluid dynamics, dry flow field flooding, solid oxide fuel cells, and the complex dynamics of fluids and solids. Researchers are also working to better understand the thermomechanical behavior of coatings and oxide scales by conducting finite element analyses of stresses that develop during fabrication and thermal cycling. In other work, staff are applying numerical methods to simulate crack propagation in coatings, geological materials and weldments.